Diversity and ubiquity of charging points

The development of charging infrastructure must consider location, charging types, charging modes and other capabilities, with a goal of providing universal access. In cities, any shared parking space could become a charging point with an electricity connection, creating opportunities to charge at workplaces, commercial establishments and public spaces. Residential charging on private driveways is inexpensive and largely free of barriers, but innovative shared charging solutions are needed for communities and apartments with limited parking spaces. Where vehicles are parked for longer periods, as at homes and workplaces, V2G capabilities would provide important flexibility and other services to the grid (Box 3.4).

To achieve the goal of universal access to charging, any parking spot must be considered a potential charging point. The key aim should be switching from the idea of EVs "parking to charge" to EVs "charging while parked". Shared charging infrastructure available to multiple parking slots is better than single parking slots equipped for EV charging.